What is CRV’s core positioning and what position does it occupy in the cryptocurrency market?
Curve DAO (CRV) is a cryptocurrency with market cap $0.3B, ranked #129.
Who is the founding team of CRV and what is their background?
Curve DAO has a dedicated development team. Similar to Uniswap, Curve Finance is an Automated Market Maker (AMM) based Decentralised Exchange (DEX).
What are the important milestones in the history of CRV development?
Similar to Uniswap, Curve Finance is an Automated Market Maker (AMM) based Decentralised Exchange (DEX).
What is CRV’s technical architecture and infrastructure?
Curve DAO operates as a blockchain protocol. Homepage: https://curve.finance. Whitepaper: .
What are the characteristics of CRV’s economic model?
Curve DAO total supply: 2370522819.863527, circulating supply: 1497296647.0.
What governance model does CRV adopt?
Curve DAO is governed by CRV token holders through on-chain voting. Curve DAO is governed by CRV token holders through on-chain voting.
What are the main application scenarios and ecological development of CRV?
Similar to Uniswap, Curve Finance is an Automated Market Maker (AMM) based Decentralised Exchange (DEX).
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Frank Chaparro
9h ago
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While I sympathize with Zcash supporters, I believe the sell-off triggered by the Orchard vulnerability is a good thing. This isn't because I dislike Zcash, but because it signifies the market is finally starting to focus on fundamentals.
In the past, the market typically dismissed events like consensus vulnerabilities, security breaches, chain splits, and 51% attacks. If anything, these events were seen as positive, sometimes even driving up Zcash's price. The prevailing view was that they attracted more attention.
The current situation is dire, and I'm glad the market is starting to assess risks correctly. I suspect the recent surge in ZEC, coupled with its inherent price volatility, foreshadowed a correction, which exacerbated the impact.
Regardless, I believe the market is right to focus on security fundamentals. Zcash deserves praise for its willingness to take risks and create new privacy primitives. As a pioneer of deployable zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP), Zcash deserves immense credit. However, privacy in blockchains also carries fundamental risks due to the trade-off between privacy and auditability. Both Monero and Zcash have experienced inflation vulnerabilities (which have since been patched). These vulnerabilities are particularly concerning in privacy-focused blockchains because inflation is more difficult to detect.
The problem with the market not penalizing vulnerabilities is that it means the market doesn't value blockchains with perfect security records. Penalizing vulnerabilities also means that security, credibility, stability, and auditability should be rewarded. This is a good and healthy characteristic of the market.
So, should blockchains completely avoid risk? Not entirely. As we move from elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) to a new era of cryptographic agility, Bitcoin (and all blockchains) must accept some manageable risks. I am also grateful that blockchains like Zcash have created new underlying mechanisms and tested them in the most brutal market conditions.
I sympathize with my Zcash friends, and I believe they will recover from this incident as smoothly as they did from the Sapling vulnerability in 2018/19. On-chain privacy is a very important goal, but it is extremely difficult to achieve.
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6529
14h ago
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New EIP!
pERC20 - Native Privacy Fungible Token
🔗
Highlights:
- Design incompatible with ERC-20: pERC20 removes the public balance/authorization concepts (no balanceOf/approve/allowance/transferFrom) and replaces transfer operations with a zero-knowledge proof (ZK) based interface (transfer(PrivacyCall)), because public balances would compromise privacy goals.
- Native privacy from the outset: Tokens are always represented as encrypted ZK-UTXO tickets (Orchard-style operation, using Groth16 proofs); there is no "public-to-private" shielding step—transfers are direct ticket-to-ticket operations, and the amount/participants are private by default.
- Public and on-chain verifiable supply: The total supply (totalSupply) remains public and is updated only through controlled mint(amount, ...) and burn(amount, ...) operations; transfers must maintain value conservation (valueBalance == 0) to achieve "no hidden inflation" while ensuring balance privacy.
- Built-in compliance through frozen root binding: Every operation is committed to the contract's cmxFrozenRoot, and zero-knowledge proof circuits must prove that spent ticket commitments are not on the SMT blacklist. Administrators can update the root (setFrozenRoot) to freeze/unfreeze specific tickets without revealing ordinary users' balances.
- Security-critical invariants and checks: The implementation must prevent double-spending using invalid symbols and must perform range checks on every public field (< Fr) to avoid nf + Fr-style bypasses; core package execution must not be publicly invoked to prevent unverified changes to the supply; signature points must be curve/field verified, and replay protection must be bound to chainId + contract + ticket data. ELI5:
This EIP proposes a new token standard for Ethereum where, by default, the number of tokens a user holds and the recipients of those tokens are hidden. Unlike ERC-20, which maintains a public "balance" for each account, this token exists as a cryptographic "note" (similar to digital cash) that can be spent using zero-knowledge proofs. Everyone can see the total supply of tokens (totalSupply), preventing issuers from secretly issuing more. Furthermore, it includes an optional "freeze list" mechanism: the token contract maintains a public fingerprint (root) of a blacklist.
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haowi.eth🦙🦙🦙🚀🚀🚀
23h ago
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🦙@llamalend Take it to the next level!
The market interface is now fully customizable, allowing each user to choose their most relevant metrics—from LTV and APR to liquidity, TVL, utilization, and more. Build a dashboard that suits your strategy.
Borrow Ethereum securely at approximately 90% of the LTV and one of the lowest lending rates in the DeFi space: 0xf939e0a03fb07f59a73314e73794be0e57ac1b4e. Furthermore, Curve's unique liquidation protection mechanism makes lending even safer, helping users better withstand market volatility while maintaining capital efficiency.
Your dashboard. Your metrics. Your strategy.
Alpacas 🦙🦙🦙 love you. ❤️
Built by @CurveFinance
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Pantera Capital
06-05 01:31
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ETFs popularized investment access through brokerage accounts. Tokenization popularized investment access through the internet. WisdomTree has been preparing for this moment for years.
@JeremyDSchwartz and Maredith Hannon (@WisdomTreePrime) are guests on the Stateful podcast hosted by @FranklinBi.
In this episode, they discuss why tokenization will be the next ETF:
- WisdomTree deployed to five EVM chains in just one day. Traditional finance cannot complete five integrations in a month.
- Its tokenized money market fund, $WTGXX, has reached $700 million in assets under management, a six-fold increase year-over-year.
- Launched use cases include: corporate treasury management, cross-border payroll management, and stablecoin reserve management.
- Four years ago, WisdomTree used smart contracts to collaborate with JPMorgan Chase and Apollo to rebalance a portfolio of 3,000 models.
- Europe leads the US by five years in cryptocurrency ETPs. The US is finally catching up.
01:14 The Development of WisdomTree and the ETF Revolution
03:43 Why Public Chains are Superior to Permissioned Chains
05:51 Deployment to Five EVM Chains in One Day
09:15 Introduction to WTGXX: Tokenized Money Market Funds
13:30 Corporate Finance, Salaries, and Practical Application Cases
20:07 The Rising Risk Curve: Derivatives vs. Equity Beta
23:51 On-Chain Rebalancing in Partnership with JPMorgan Chase and Apollo
29:09 WisdomTree's Two-Year Vision: $15 Billion and Beyond
32:39 Common Beginner Mistakes: Trust in Cryptocurrencies is Crucial
34:26 Surprisingly, Europe Leads the US in Cryptocurrency ETPs
Spotify:
Apple Podcast:
YouTube:
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Kraken Pro
06-04 22:31
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Kraken Pro has added 6 new trading pairs to support spot margin trading:
$NEAR, $HBAR, $CRV, $XLM, $SHIB, and $TRX
Now available to US margin traders
Learn more:
*Regional restrictions apply
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Henrik Zeberg
06-03 21:11
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Risk Rotation: Why a Joke Outperforms Tech Giants
How capital shifts from the risk curve in the later stages of a bull market—what the dot-com bubble peak and every cryptocurrency cycle have taught us—and why the cryptocurrency rally isn't over yet.
Click here to read:
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Henrik Zeberg
06-03 18:39
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Let me remind everyone again, what salvation can Bitcoin truly offer? And how can it save us?
It's a bubble—and it will eventually burst.
However—first—as the risk curve stretches further, the price could see a significant rebound.
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Mister Crypto
06-03 16:10
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Months ago, I pointed out that Bitcoin would fall from this parabolic curve.
I said I expected a rebound, followed by further decline.
And it happened exactly as I predicted.
Now, we've almost completed the entire downtrend.
History doesn't repeat itself, but it often rhymes.
The bottom of each parabolic cycle lies in the same area. We're now approaching that area.
The bear market is nearing its end.
The bottom is in sight.
Now, the previous preparations are starting to pay off.
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6529
06-03 15:57
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Today, a new chapter has been added to a crazy quantum saga.
On March 31st, Google's quantum AI team published a landmark achievement regarding Shor's elliptic curve cryptography algorithm. From a technical perspective, this paper is a bombshell: its performance is 10 times better than existing technologies. To shock the blockchain field and sound the alarm, these optimizations were applied to secp256k1—the elliptic curve cryptography algorithm upon which Bitcoin and Ethereum signatures are based.
But perhaps the most striking aspect of this paper isn't its technical aspects, but its social implications. Instead of following standard academic procedures, Google kept these optimizations secret, hiding them behind zero-knowledge proofs (ZK proofs). In an accompanying blog post, Google mentioned that they "communicated with the US government." Zero-knowledge proofs can prove the existence of algorithmic improvements without revealing details. The use of zero-knowledge proofs for academic censorship is unprecedented!
As a co-author of this Google paper, I have personally experienced some of the background surrounding this censorship mechanism. Frankly, many aspects of this matter make me uneasy. While I believe the public should know more, my ability to reveal the truth is limited. However, one thing I must make clear: the professionalism of the Google team is exemplary, and they deserve praise.
Censorship often backfires. The “Straissam effect”—trying to cover something up only attracts more attention—is playing out today. First, Google’s key optimization technique was rediscovered by the French. Even more exciting is that a collaborative challenge called “Shor-at-home” has just started. The challenge, hosted at ecdsa[.]fail, broke the Shor world record in just a few hours.
Let’s talk about the rediscovery. Just two months after Google’s paper was published, French quantum expert André Schrottenloch cracked this key secret optimization technique. His paper, “Optimized Point Adder Circuits for Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithms,” was published today on arXiv. Congratulations to André! He beat several other experts who were “nerdsnipping.” In a blog post published today, Craig Giedney, a global expert in Shor optimization, revealed that he had suppressed this optimization scheme for a whole year due to censorship pressure.
Interestingly, Andre overlooked some subtle optimizations, including those initially released by Google and subsequent improvements. Shor's algorithm likely has significant room for improvement, which is precisely the significance of the ECDSA[.]fail challenge. The verification program developed for ZK proofs performs a dual function, automatically filtering valid submissions. Dozens of small, cumulative improvements are constantly emerging. As of this writing, the Google circuit has achieved an 8.4% performance improvement, measured by the product of the number of logical qubits and the number of Tofoli gates. Not bad!
This "nerdsnipping" has gone far deeper than expected. Over the past few weeks, it has become clear that the impact of this research extends far beyond Andre and other quantum experts. Behind the scenes, a small group of amateurs has quietly begun their research. Inspired by Kapacsi-style automated research, they have used artificial intelligence techniques to study Shor. Ironically, the verification program for zero-knowledge proofs happens to provide an ideal reward function for artificial intelligence. The barrier to entry for this modern research approach is surprisingly low; even some non-experts, including a teenager, have found decent optimizations. If you'd like to join a Telegram group to connect with other researchers in automation, feel free to contact us :)
Part Two: Neutral Atoms and Quantum Day
The story didn't end with Google's IPO. On the same day Google went public, a low-profile startup called Oratomic released its own Shor paper, simultaneously. This paper caused a sensation, eventually becoming the most upvoted paper on scirate[.]com (a site that ranks arXiv papers).
Oratomic's claim was astonishing. By borrowing Google's logical optimization approach and applying a custom physical optimization approach for neutral atoms, they achieved this. They claimed that only 10,000 physical qubits were needed to run Shor's algorithm on secp256k1. This number is incredibly low.
Before Oratomic's paper was published, I knew almost nothing about neutral atoms, so I was deeply drawn in and decided to delve into the technology. I jumped down the rabbit hole, spending hundreds of hours on the subject. I was quite fascinated, watching every YouTube video I could find and consulting numerous experts.
My conclusion? This technology is real, very real. Even Google recently decided to establish a neutral atom lab, marking their shift from focusing on superconducting qubits to neutral atoms. If you're interested in "qday," the day a quantum computer breaks the first production-ready cryptographic code, then neutral atoms are worth your attention. I gave a 30-minute talk at the ZKProof cryptography conference, sharing some of my insights on Shor's algorithm and neutral atoms. You can find it on YouTube by searching "zkproof neutral atom".
There's an interesting observation regarding these two groundbreaking papers: neither Google nor Oratomic mentioned what their findings mean for qday. No timeline, absolutely none. This is particularly puzzling considering that the whole point of white-hat quantum cryptography is to inform predictions of qday and help the public make informed decisions.
Therefore, I wanted to try to fill some gaps, much like Scott Aaronson did in his April 29th article. Based on all the information I have, including some worrying non-public information...I now believe there's a 50% probability that quantum cryptography will arrive in 2032, and a 10% probability in 2030.
There's also a rumor that the US government has its own date: 2035. This date was initially proposed by the National Security Agency (NSA) and later adopted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), at which time all US government departments would be prohibited from using cryptographic technologies vulnerable to quantum attacks. Simply put: in hindsight, this date is a joke and should be completely ignored. I don't understand how NIST could avoid being forced to implement this plan years earlier.
Part Three: Post-Quantum Cryptography
Now, we have ample reason to raise alarms. But don't panic. Rushing into an immature post-quantum cryptography system is tantamount to suicide. I believe the appropriate target date for the migration is 2029, about 3.5 years away. Coincidentally, 2029 is also the date jointly chosen by Google, Cloudflare, and the Ethereum Foundation.
Currently, I dedicate most of my time to the secure migration of Ethereum to post-quantum cryptography, which is also part of a broader effort to streamline Ethereum. There is still much work to be done. We need to remove and replace BLS signatures at the consensus layer, KZG commitments at the data layer, and ECDSA signatures at the execution layer.
The plan to achieve this is compelling and based on hash cryptography. Within the Ethereum Foundation, we have developed a Swiss Army knife called leanVM (github[.]com/leanEthereum/leanVM), powered by a hash-based SNARK algorithm. Its performance is fully guaranteed thanks to the outstanding work of Emile, Thomas, and other contributors. In terms of security, leanVM is a gem; it is a minimalist zkVM designed for end-to-end formal verification and maximum security.
Want to contribute? Here are two $1 million initiatives. The first is the Proximity Prize (proximityprize[.]org). Solving a long-standing mathematical conjecture in coding theory and improving hash-based SNARKs could earn a million-dollar prize. Secondly, the Poseidon Initiative (poseidon-initiative[.]info) offers a $1 million prize for cracking Poseidon.
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BNB🔶Frog
06-03 13:19
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If you bought Bitcoin for 1000 yuan in 2010 and held it until now, it would be worth 10 billion yuan.
Sounds easy enough, just hold on, right?
But if you actually look at the profit curve of $BTC, you'll find that the emotional journey of those 1000 BTC is absolutely unbearable.
1000 / 100,000 / 1 million / 30,000 / 5 million / 800,000 / 20 million / 3 million / 500 million / 80 million / 10 billion.
Ask yourself again, could you really hold on?